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Observations placeholder

Nicotine and manic depression

Identifier

005287

Type of Spiritual Experience

Background

As I understand it from the paper nicotine helps manic depressives avoid the depressive stages

Whereas smoking with its high stimulant effects encouraged alcoholism to push the level of stimulation to more tolerable levels

A description of the experience

J Psychiatr Res. 2013 Jul;47(7):Temporal sequencing of nicotine dependence and bipolar disorder in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC).

Bipolar disorder (BD) and nicotine dependence (ND) often co-occur. However, the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. We aimed to examine, for the first time in a national and representative sample, the magnitude and direction of the temporal relationship between BD and ND; We found that

  • Bipolar prior/ND and mania - Most individuals with lifetime ND and BD were BD-prior (72.6%). BD-prior individuals had an earlier onset of BD and a higher number of manic episodes.

  • ND prior/alcoholism - By contrast, ND-prior individuals had an earlier onset of both daily smoking and ND, and an increased prevalence of alcohol use disorder.

In conclusion, ….The phenomenology and course of ND and BD varied significantly depending on which disorder had earlier onset.

PMID: 23582710

The source of the experience

PubMed

Concepts, symbols and science items

Concepts

Symbols

Science Items

Activities and commonsteps

Commonsteps

References

Authors

Martínez-Ortega JM, Goldstein BI, Gutiérrez-Rojas L, Sala R, Wang S, Blanco C New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. jmmartinezortega@ugr.es